Composing the oratorio proved a truly congenial task, and the years devoted to it were among the happiest in Haydn’s life. The libretto was based on the epic poem Paradise Lost by John Milton and on the Genesis book of the Bible. The work was planned and executed to enable performances in either German or English it is believed to be the first musical work published with text underlay in two languages. Deciding to compose further works in this genre, he obtained a suitable libretto, and, after settling in Vienna and resuming his duties for Prince Esterházy, he started work on the oratorio The Creation, the text of which had been translated into German by Baron Gottfried van Swieten. While in London in 1791, Haydn had been deeply moved by the performance of George Frideric Handel’s masterly oratorios. King George III earnestly invited him to stay in England, but Haydn-for reasons that have never been made clear-preferred to return to his native Austria to serve the new head of the Esterházy family, Prince Miklós II. The British public no longer regarded him as a sensation but as an old and well-loved friend. 102 in B-flat Major is one of the greatest of all symphonies. While in London, Haydn reached even greater heights of inspiration, particularly in the last three symphonies he wrote (Nos. 99–104) and the six Apponyi quartets (Nos. The principal compositions of his second visit to London were the second set of London (or Salomon) symphonies (Nos. Haydn’s curiously cool reception on his return to Vienna in 1792 may have strengthened his decision to make a second journey to England in January 1794. In a letter of 1793 to Beethoven’s patron, the elector of Cologne, Haydn stated that “Beethoven will one day be considered one of Europe’s greatest composers, and I shall be proud to be called his teacher.” On his journey he stopped at Bonn, where the 22-year-old Ludwig van Beethoven was introduced to him, and it was arranged that the tempestuous young composer should move to Vienna to receive Haydn’s instruction. In June 1792 Haydn left London for Germany. Their popularity is reflected in the various nicknames bestowed on them-e.g., The Surprise (No. Their virtuosity of instrumentation, masterly treatment of musical forms, and freely flowing melodic inspiration-not to mention their deft wit-endeared the works to British audiences. The 12 symphonies he wrote on his first and second visits to London represent the climax of his orchestral output. He was feted, lionized, and treated as a genius Charles Burney published a poem in his honour. The many novel impressions, the meeting with eminent musicians, and the admiration bestowed on him had a powerful impact on his creative work. On New Year’s Day 1791, Haydn arrived in England, and the following 18 months proved extremely rewarding. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.
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